Which two rules comprise HIPAA?

• A. HIPAA Privacy Rule and HIPAA Security Rule
• B. HIPAA Privacy Rule and HIPAA Breach Notification Rule
• C. HIPAA Security Rule and HIPAA Breach Notification Rule
• D. HIPAA Privacy Rule and HIPAA Enforcement Rule

Answer: (A)

HIPAA establishes protections for patient information through two key components that address both rights and protection of data. The Privacy Rule defines what protected health information is, who may access or disclose it, and the rights patients have over their information (such as access and amendments). The Security Rule then adds concrete safeguards for electronic PHI, prescribing administrative, physical, and technical controls to guard against unauthorized access, disclosure, alteration, or destruction. Together, these rules cover the fundamental protection of PHI: what must be protected and how to protect it in the digital era. The other rules—Breach Notification and Enforcement—deal with specific consequences and processes after a breach and the penalties for noncompliance, rather than the core protections themselves.